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为何梵帝冈在1684年将14本书从圣经上除名?

1611年,人类将拉丁文的圣经翻译成英文。当时圣经中包含80本书,而最后14本书已遭除名,它们构成了旧约圣经,14本书如下:

以斯拉续篇(1 Esdras)
以斯拉二书(2 Esdras)
多俾亚传(Tobit)
友弟德传(Judith)
以斯帖余卷(The rest of Esther)
所罗门智训(The Wisdom of Solomon)
德训篇(Ecclesiasticus)
巴路克及耶利米书信(Baruch with the epistle Jeremiah)
三童歌(The Songs of the 3 Holy children)
苏撒拿传(The history of Susana)
彼勒与大龙(bel and the dragon)
玛拿西祷告文(Prayer for Manasses)
马加比一书(1 Maccabees)
马加比二书(2Maccabees)

其中最有趣的是“所罗门智训”。看看以下节录的片段:

Wisdom of Solomon 2:1-24

1 For the ungodly said reasoning with them selves, but not aright, our life is short and tedious and in death of a man there is no remedy: neither was there any man known to have returned from the grave.

2 For we are born at all adventure: and we shall be hereafter as though we had never been: for the breath of our nostrils is as smoke, and the little spark in the moving of our heart

3 Which being extinguished, our body shall be turned into ashes, and our spirit shall vanish as the soft air,

4 And our name shall be forgotten in time, and no man shall have our works in remembrance, and our life shall pass away as the trace of a cloud, and shall be dispersed as a mist, that is driven away, with the beams of the sun, and overcome with the heat thereof.

5 For our time is very shadow that passeth away; and after our end there is no returning: for it is fast sealed, so that no man cometh again.

1.恶人不恰当地评论自己:我们的生命很短,且充满辛酸。当一个人垂死时,没有救活的方法。从未听说有人从坟墓中起死回生。

2.我们的出生是偶然,此生完结之后,我们彷彿从未见过世面。我们的呼吸不过是一缕青烟;我们的思维不过是心脏跳动时产生的火花。

3.火花熄灭时,我们的身体就变成灰烬,我们的灵魂就化为空气。

4.早晚人们会遗忘我们的名字,没有人会记得我们的大业,我们的生命会被烈日、热度蒸发,像云痕一样消逝,像雾一样消散。

5.我们在世的时光像影子一般流动;我们死后无法起死回生,因为死期已注定了,没人能重生。

6 Come on there for let us enjoy the good things that are present: and let us speedily use the creatures like as in youth.

7 Let us fill ourselves with costly wine and ointments: and let no flower of the Spring pass by us.

8 Let us crown ourselves with rosebuds, before they be withered:

9 Let none of us go without his part of our voluptuousness: let us leave tokens of our joyfulness in every place: for this is our portion and our lot is this.

10 Let us oppress the poor righteous man, let us not spare the widow, nor reverence the ancient gray hairs of the aged.

6.恶人说,来吧,让我们享受生活的乐趣,让我们像年轻人一样快快享用万物。

7.让我们喝杯美酒,抹最好的香膏,春天时也不错过任何一朵花。

8.趁玫瑰花尚未凋谢,让我们把它们摘下来戴在头上。

9.让我们一起狂欢,让我们到处留下享乐的标记,因为这是我们应得的,我们的命就该如此。

10.我们要压迫贫穷且正直的人,也不必尊重寡妇和老人。

11 Let our strength be  the law of justice: for that which is feeble is found to be nothing worth.

12 Therefore let us lie in wait for the righteous; because HE is not of our turn, and HE is clean contrary to our doings. He upbraideth  us with our offending of the law, and ojecteth to our infamy the transgression of our education.

13 HE professeth to have the knowledge of the MOST HIGH, and calleth HIS self the child of the LORD.

14 HE was made to reprove our thoughts

15 HE is grievous unto us even to behold, for HIS life is not like other men’s, HIS ways are of another fashion.

11.让我们的力量成为正义的律法,因为软弱就会寸步难行。

12.因此我们要伺机摆脱正直的人,他的天性和我们不同,他反对我们的所作所为,他谴责我们破坏摩西的律法,他反对我们违犯祖先的教导。

13.他自称通晓上帝,他自称是主的孩子。

14.他生来就是要指责我们的思维。

15.他对我们来说很难忍受,更别说是看着他了,因为他的人生不像其他人一样,他走的是另一条路。

16 We are esteemed of HIM as counterfeits: HE abstaineth from our ways as from filthiness: HE pronounceth the end of the just to be blessed, and maketh HIS boast that GOD is HIS father.

17 Let us see if HIS words be true: and let us prove what shall happen in the end of HIM.

18 For if the just man be the Son of THE MOST HIGH, HE will help HIM and deliver HIM from the hands of HIS enemies.

19 Let us examine HIM with despitefulness and torture, that we may know HIS meekness and prove HIS patience.

20 Let us condemn HIM with a shameful death: for by HIS own mouth HE shall be respected…..

16.他认为我们是骗子,他回避我们所做的下流事,他说正义之人临终时会得到祝福,他自夸上帝是他的父亲。

17.让我们看看他的话是不是真的,让我们看着他临死时会发生什么事。

18.如果正义之人确实是上帝的孩子,那么上帝就会救他,让他脱离仇敌之手。

19.让我们考验他一下,恶意刁难并折磨他,这样我们才会知道他有多温顺,才能证明他有多坚忍。

20.让我们来宣判他们可耻的死刑,因为他们会说,上帝会保护他们。

这引发了几个重要的问题

1.所罗门所说的以“可耻的死刑”杀害的是谁?

2.为何梵帝冈决定让这14本书从圣经中除名?

3.为何在本书中,所罗门听起来很疯狂、邪恶?

所罗门似乎是在说耶稣。但耶稣大约在他死后900年才出生。他可能预言了耶稣的降临吗?来想一想为何耶稣是所罗门所说的人。

他们用可耻的死刑杀了上帝之子。
上帝之子的行为或性情与其他人不同。
他宣称是上帝之子。
他是正直的穷人,把所罗门和同类人视为“骗子”。
他说他通晓上帝。

再来听听所罗门的说法:

他生来就是要指责(批评)我们的思维。
他认为我们是骗子,他回避我们所做的下流事,他说正义之人临终时会得到祝福,他自夸上帝是他的父亲。
如果正义之人确实是上帝的孩子,那么上帝就会救他,让他脱离仇敌之手。

我要指出的最后一件事是,所罗门说:

我们要压迫贫穷且正直的人,也不必尊重寡妇和老人。

这真的瓦解了我们所知的每件事。所罗门听起来真的很邪恶。据说他也是历史上最有智慧的人。

有趣的是,所罗门对神秘学很着迷,他崇敬很多种神,而且无法抵抗女人的诱惑。著名的所罗门圣殿(Temple of Solomon)被视为共济会的发源地,它是一个组织,极有可能在幕后操纵全球重大事件,也有人主张它是真正统治世界的势力。

(必须)

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